Welcome - 9/30/17

ALE - Atlanta Linux Enthusiasts

• http://ale.org/ - sign up for our email lists
  • General email list - ale
  • ALE Study Group list - ale-study
• Meetup.com Group https://www.meetup.com/ALE-Atlanta-Linux-Enthusiasts/ (google "ale linux")

Hands-On Today

Get your Linux Computers up
Open a Terminal

Other Places For Info

• Amazon Prime Videos
  • Ubuntu Linux: Go from Beginner to Power User
  • ITPROtv is another search term;
• manpages
• Dead Trees - books
• LPI website
• Linux Command Line Book

Jumping In ... ls

Open a terminal - any terminal ...

• ls - list files and directories
• ls -F
• ls -al
• ls -tl
• ls -l | sort -h

How Much Storage Available?

 $ du /usr
 $ du -h ~/
 $ df -h .
 $ df
 $ df -i
 $ find /misc/Stuff -type f -size +3G \
     -exec ls -lh {} \; 

• du and df and find
• du works on files and directories
• df works on partitions and logical volumes
• inodes run out too - df -i
• find can search for specific things, sizes, etc.

Main Directories

• HOME directory, $HOME, ~/ - all the same thing
• root directory, / - top level of all files and directories
• root HOME directory - /root - on Linux systems.
• /tmp - a temporary directory. Anyone/nobody can write there. Wiped at reboot
• /bin, /usr/bin - where more programs are installed
• /etc - where most system and package manager settings are stored
• /usr/local/ - where non-package managed, but system-wide programs belong

Linux File System Hierarchy Overview

pwd

$ cd /tmp                  
$ pwd

• Present Working Directory -
  where you currently are in the file system.
• Many prompts display it.

cd relative and absolute paths

These are all the same, if you are in your HOME on a normal Linux system.
cd ~ cd cd $HOME cd /home/{your-userid} cd ~/

A different example:

cd
pwd
cd /etc
cd
cd etc
cd ../../etc

Cmd History

$ history
$ !!
$ !-5
$ !543
$ !vi
$ man history  # to learn more

• Up arrow
• ctrl-L/R arrow ...
• Can edit the command line -
  move/delete words, etc.

$ ^string1^string2^
Quick substitution.  Repeat the 
last command, replacing string1 
with string2.  Equivalent to 
"!!:s/string1/string2/" 

Tab Completion

• Type 3 characters at a time+{tab}
• Many command options might be provided
• Depends on the bash-completion package
• To see which commands beginning with ls exist in your PATH,

 $ ls{tab}{tab} 

 $ rdi{tab}- -{tab}-l{tab}-i{tab}-s{tab} 

Practice this. Any interesting ls-cmds?
Tab Completion Explained

Break Time

5 minutes

Shells

• There are different shells - command lines.
• sh, bash, ksh, csh, tcsh, zsh, fish ... others.
• Don't like the interface on the command line?
• You can change it, but probably shouldn't for 1 yr

man -k shells

or

apropos shells

cp, mv, mkdir, rmdir, and File Management

 $ cp /tmp/foo* ~/bin/
 $ mv /tmp/foo.txt ~/Docu*/
 $ mv /tmp/foo.txt ~/*ts/
 $ rm ~/bin/foo*
 $ rm ~/bin/*oo
 $ mkdir ~/bin 
 $ mkdir -p /tmp/foo/foo/foo
 $ rmdir /tmp/foo  #  work?
 $ rmdir -p  /tmp/foo  #  work?
 $ rmdir -p  /tmp/foo/foo/foo  #  work?*

• Copy - cp {source} {dest}
• Move - mv {source} {dest} # files or dirs
• Remove - rm {list}
• Rename - what command might work for this?
• Make directory - mkdir
• Remove directory - rmdir
• Pattern matching / globbing can be used where it makes sense

Recursive Options

• Copy - cp -r {source} {dest}
• Remove - rm -r {list}
• Move doesn't need recursive -
  just move the directory

Calendar

      September             October               November              
 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 
                 1  2   1  2  3  4  5  6  7            1  2  3  4
  3  4  5  6  7  8  9   8  9 10 11 12 13 --   5  6  7  8  9 10 --
 10 11 12 13 14 15 16  15 16 17 18 19 20 21  12 13 14 15 16 17 --
 17 18 19 20 21 22 23  22 23 24 25 26 27 28  19 20 21 22 23 24 --
 24 25 26 27 28 29 30  29 30 31              26 27 28 29 30      
 

Thanks / Feedback

• Thanks for coming.
• Please let us know how we are doing.
• Slides are here: http://lpi.jdpfu.com/2017-Fall/17-09-30-Basic_Cmds.txt
• Email - DJPfulio - at - jdpfu.com

blog.jdpfu.com